Researchers entschlüencrypt more and more, what is the influence of genes and the Microbiome on Ümountain guy. But lässt with saliva tests, and stool is the perfect persö samples;personal meal plan für create a slim figure?
To schön to be true: A few Gene analysis füdo not automatically the perfect Ernäallure and slimming plan
Wäit is not re schön if your persöpersonal Lösung dafür hähave to live healthy and slim, without a lot of abandon and starve to müshot? Just a couple of foods to omit, and more of other food. Such dubious offers to individuellen Ernäcurrency spread just rapidly. What food für is the Individual ideal, companies are in the genes, on the basis of gut bacteria (gut Microbiome) and Verächanges in the blood sugar levels to find out.
The customers send skin, blood, faeces and swabs of the oral mucosa, might be a Ernäintroduction Protocol. The result: a unique I-Diät. One that works finally, because it was tailored to the respective Person. But the science is tatsäthe take so far, that the concept works? It really takes a mountain of data, so that people gesüof ernähren?
Single genes have little effect
The study of individual genetic differences in the processing of Ernäcurrency, the nutrigenomics, läuft since the Entschlüsselung of the human genome in 2003, and discovered stäcompletely new Details. "We know now about 100 genes, für which there is a connection with the Ümountain guy gibt", Hannelore Daniel, Professor fü says;r Ernäintroduction physiology at the Technical Universität MüMunich. This is still little in the face of such 22 000 genes in the human genome overall, and probably more than &11thinsp;000, which, according to Daniel something to do with the Ernäto do currency.
Added: "The effects of the previously known Thick-genes are very, very small." Other factors have a much größexternal influence, such as the calorie balance. Also if anyone is particularly at many of the risky-carrying variants – most people have about 20 –, the mö was;possible impact on health and life expectancy still very low, says Daniel.
Because of the effect of a single Gene paint variant are für the basis of research, tens of thousands or even more people is necessary, to differences in comparative studies to identify köcan. The scientists search for variations of the building blocks in DNA, called Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). All people have to be 99.8 percent identical genes. What makes us individual beings, is, among other things, in the SNPs: about appearance, talents, health risks – and the reaction to food.
FTO, ApoE4 and MTHFR are well-known thick bloke-genes
However, not every zunäfirst, auffäsingle digit appearing, the SNP achieved tatsäthe take a effect. "Something like that comes out again and again in elaborate studies. Pretty frustrierend", the Ernä says;introduction, Dr. Andreas Pfeiffer, of the Department of Clinical Ernäintroduction of the German Institute für Ernäcurrency research (DIfE). According to current Knowledge, by far the most important Fattening-Gen heißt FTO. About a Fünftel the Bevöpopulation has a variation in this Gene from both parents are inherited and trägt the ungümost beneficial rent a variant thereof. These people are on average three kilos heavier than others.
Another much debated Gene ApoE4. Of him weiß you that it is not only atherosclerosis begüsupports, but also the risk of Alzheimer’s erhöht. Affected should be particularly on a sufficient supply of ungesättigter Fettsäacids (such as Rapsöl instead of Butter). Sure the researchers are that the Gene variant called MTHFR Affected a ungüother effect on the supply of the Köbody with Folsäure. Für is folsäurehaltiges Gemüse, such as broccoli and spinach, even more important than für other.
Although commercial providers advertise an individual Diäten with the genes. But tatsäactually, the concept of personalized Ernä includes;introduction in science, a lot more: The researchers see, for example, what, when, and in what quantities people eat, how it is to your sleep, and the Stress ordered. How much movement do you have and how fit you are, what you weigh, how thick is it on the belly and Hüare RTD, how high is your Köbody fat percentage is; you analyze a lot of blood values, look at the metabolism and the bacteria that inhabit the gut.
Füthe behavior of the blood sugar leads to the Lösung?
The Israeli Bio-computer scientist, Professor Eran Segal, is üassured that the different blood sugar reactions of people Schlükeys to your ideal Ernäcurrency. Häfrequent tips are considered to be gefädangerous, because the risk für Üthe mountain-weight, type-2 Diabetes and other disorders erhöhen. In one of Segal and colleagues from the Weizman Institute in Rehovot durchgefüinability to study, with around 800 participants showed that the blood sugar may rise after eating the same food very differently.
Some people reacted with, for example, tips on tomatoes, which are actually dafür are known, the blood sugar is hardly to erhöhen. Weißbread, about drives him to the top – but for some, that was not the case. Segal says: "Foods that are considered healthy, köcan für, some people tend to be poor. Typical unhealthy products köyou could but without problems regelmäßig essen."
Ernäcurrency tips to prevent unhealthy blood sugar spikes
Für the study, the in Cell was published, carrying the participants of a Sensor, the all füfive minutes of documented your blood sugar. Your meals log, you logged in one App. Thus, the researchers were able to see the reaction to certain foods and dishes. In a second step, they analyzed information on Zusammenhäthe length between the Ernäintroduction and data such as weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), age, intestinal Microbiome and blood sugar.
So they programmed an algorithm that says the influence of glucose levels through food in advance, and are created maßtailored Diäth. Participants who were in it, were able to reduce their blood sugar spikes significantly. Open to as to whether such a custom Ernä remains, however, ;currency long-term tatsäon the take to beiträto prevent gt, consequences such as Diabetes, obesity, and other diseases. Segal: "The müwe left with a long-term Intervention to find out."
The genes adapted Ernäcurrency is not slimmer
However, companies offer but längst programs, which is exactly with such a Zusammenhängen advertise. Äsimilar with the topics of Low Carb and Low Fat. Companies with concepts or products of personalized Ernäcurrency market, argue that people are more likely to be from carbohydrates, or more of fat dick – depending on which Gene variants you carry –, and recommend a supposedly suitable Diät.
Whether you are slimming easier, but is still questionable. A study of the Stanford-Universität in California with 609 ümountain important people proves rather the opposite. You have not decreased significantly more, or less, if your genetics für the carbohydrate and fat metabolism as well as Insulin metabolism berüwere taken into account. On the other hand, a comprehensive analysis and an individual Ernä act;implementation plan simply attractive as a General Ernäcurrency rules.
The requirements of individual fülisten to gesüother Ernäcurrency
The EU-funded project "Food4me" wanted to find out whether persöpersonally tailored Ernäcurrency requirements to act better and how much data it dafür tatsäthe take needs. The seven europäof Lächange durchgefürigidity study with a total of more than 1600 participants, is the world’s größte investigation on the effect of personalized Ernäcurrency on health.
The participants ernäinability to a half-year in accordance with the General guidelines or gemäß individual Vorschlägen. One group was given only on the basis of information on the dining plan and Ernädietary habits tips. In a second were zusäaddition, characteristics such as weight, Body Mass Index, abdominal and Hüftextent, carotenoids and blood values like cholesterol. In a third group of zusä were;in addition fünf Gene variants investigated, für is a proven correlation between Ernäcurrency and health. Including the FTO, the MTHFR-and ApoE4 were-Gen.
The result: the participants with The individual specifications and Erlänotes ernägesü inability to be;than the control group, who only had to get General tips. For example, they took less red meat, less salt, less gesättigte fats and more Folsäure. However, the sub-groups of the personalized Ernäcurrency differences can hardly. On the basis of Gene analysis even more customized tips improved the Ernäcurrency not more.
Ernäleadership programs help, because it is a controlled eats
"So it is enough if the people persöphotography will be addressed. Then they are more willing things tatsäactually umzusetzen", Hannelore Daniel, who was in charge of the German part of the study, says. Specifically, the German ernäinability to be even a little bit better, even if köthe body came in to the game. "If the recommendations of BMI, weight and Blood the speech was, seemed to be the zusäin addition to motivieren", the Ernä says;honour of the scientist Dr. Silvia Colossa, who has evaluated many data of the German participants.
Für the Geschäft with I-Diäth the result of the Study represents a slap in the face. But how läthe often enthusiastic Feedback to the users of commercial DNA and Microbiome – Diä sst then;ten erklären? Expert Pfeiffer: "If you are a Ernäcurrency program the following benefits you actually because you are in control of what you eat and, for example, Snacks weglässt."
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